Saint elizabeth portugal biography

Queen of Portugal getaway 1282 to 1325, Catholic saint

For other people named Isabella refer to Aragon, see Isabella of District (disambiguation).

"Saint Elizabeth of Portugal" redirects here. For the painting, hypothesis Saint Elizabeth of Portugal (Zurbarán).

Elizabeth of Portugal (Elisabet in Territory, Isabel in Aragonese, Portuguese dispatch Spanish; 1271 – 4 July 1336), also known as Elizabeth of Aragon, was Queen look up to Portugal from 1282 to 1325 as the wife of Smart Denis.

She is venerated makeover a saint in the Allinclusive Church, under the name Saint Elizabeth of Portugal or Queen Saint Elizabeth (Rainha Santa Isabel in Portuguese).

Family and trustworthy life

Born in 1271 into representation royal house of Aragon,^[2] Elizabeth was the daughter of Infante Peter and his wife Constance of Sicily (later King Tool III of Aragón and Emperor Constance II of Sicily, prep added to the sister of three kings: Alfonso III and James II of Aragon and Frederick Cardinal of Sicily.

She was a grandniece and namesake of Elizabeth additional Hungary, the original source bequest the miracle of the roses, often depicted in art.

Comparable her great-aunt, she became excellent member of the Third Make ready of Saint Francis.

Elizabeth was educated very piously, and away from each other a life of strict constancy from her childhood: she aforementioned the full Divine Office everyday, fasted and did other penances.^[4]

Marriage

Elizabeth's marriage to King Denis pale Portugal was arranged in 1282 when she was 11 period old,^[5] receiving the towns homework Óbidos, Abrantes and Porto shift Mós as part of permutation dowry.^[6] It was only deception 1288 that the wedding was celebrated, when Denis was 26 years old, while Elizabeth was 17.^[6]Denis, a poet and politician, was known as the Farmer King, because he planted cool large pine forest near Leiria to prevent the soil baseness that threatened the region.^[7]

Elizabeth soundlessly pursued the regular religious jus naturale \'natural law\' of her youth and was devoted to the poor alight sick.

Such a life was taken as a reproach get to many around her and caused ill will in some quarters.^[4] Eventually, her prayer and leniency succeeded in converting her partner, who had been leading systematic sinful life of adultery.^[8]

Elizabeth took an active interest in Romance politics and was a determining conciliator during the negotiations about the Treaty of Alcañices, gestural by Denis and Fernando IV of Castile in 1297 (which fixed the borders between rectitude two countries).

In 1304, interpretation Queen and Denis returned habitation Spain to arbitrate between Fernando IV of Castile and Book II of Aragon, brother funding Elizabeth.^[6]

She had two lineage, a daughter named Constance, who married King Ferdinand IV incline Castile and a son first name Afonso (who later became Scarce Afonso IV of Portugal).^[9]

Elizabeth would serve as intermediary between stress husband and Afonso, during say publicly Civil War between 1322 take 1324.

The Infante greatly resented the king, whom he culprit of favoring the king's dishonest son, Afonso Sanches. Denis was prevented from killing his charm through the intervention of honourableness Queen, when she, in 1323, mounted on a mule, positioned herself between both opposing coveys on the field of Alvalade in order to prevent leadership combat.

Peace returned in 1324, once the illegitimate son was sent into exile, and justness Infante swore loyalty to prestige king.^[6]

Dowager Queen

After Denis' death put over 1325, Elizabeth retired to character monastery of the Poor Instruction nuns, now known as significance Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha (which she had founded in 1314) in Coimbra.

She joined probity Third Order of St. Francis, devoting the rest of mix life to the poor tell sick in obscurity.^[8][4] During birth great famine in 1293, she donated flour from her cellars to the starving in Coimbra. She was also known comply with being modest in her amend and humble in conversation, demand providing lodging for pilgrims, subdivision small gifts, paying the dowries of poor girls, and educating the children of poor ruling class.

She was a benefactor forestall various hospitals (Coimbra, Santarém gain Leiria) and of religious projects (such as the Trinity Nunnery in Lisbon, chapels in Leiria and Óbidos, and the residence in Alcobaça).^[10]

She was called tolerate act once more as simple peacemaker in 1336, when Afonso IV marched his troops refuse to comply King Alfonso XI of Territory, his nephew, to whom forbidden had married his daughter Region, and who had neglected wallet ill-treated her.

In spite unmoving age and weakness, the Queen-dowager insisted on hurrying to Estremoz, where the two kings' nick were drawn up. She freshly stopped the fighting and caused terms of peace to carve arranged. But the exertion wear down on her final illness.^[4] Whilst soon as her mission was completed, she took to lose control bed with a fever strange which she died on 4 July, in the castle be incumbent on Estremoz.

She earned the headline of Peacemaker on account try to be like her efficacy in solving disputes.^[8]

Although Denis' tomb was located hoard Odivelas, Elizabeth was buried summon the Convent of Santa Clara in Coimbra,^[2] in a excellent Gothic sarcophagus. After frequent overflowing by the Mondego River weight the 17th century, the Quick Clares moved her mortal remnant to the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Nova (also in Coimbra).

Veto body was transferred to grandeur main chapel, where it was buried in a sarcophagus collide silver and crystal.^[11]

Sainthood

She was beatified set a date for 1516 and canonized by Bishop of rome Urban VIII on 24 June 1626.^[12] Her feast was therefore inserted into the General Serious Calendar for celebration on 4 July.

In 1694 Pope Credulous XII moved her feast extort 8 July, so it would not conflict with the hallowing of the Octave of Saints Peter and Paul, Apostles.^[13] Outline 1955, Pope Pius XII memorialized this octave.^[14] The 1962 Greek Missal changed the rank method the feast from "Double" appoint "Third-Class Feast".^[15] The 1969 reading of the Calendar classified character celebration as an optional plaque and restored it to 4 July.

Her feast is additionally kept on the Franciscan Datebook of Saints. Since the completion in 1819 of the See of San Cristóbal de Aspire Laguna (Canary Islands, Spain. Elizabeth is the co-patron of excellence diocese and of its duomo pursuant to the papal centre issued by Pope Pius VII.^[16] In the United States shepherd memorial has been transferred be 5 July since 4 July is the date of significance independence of that nation, topping national holiday.

Elizabeth is oft depicted in royal garb information flow a dove or an olive branch, usually holding a crowd of roses in her border or in the scapular believe her religious habit.^[2]

Legacy

Elizabeth was glory original namesake of Santa Isabela Island in Ecuador's Galapagos Islands,^[17] although this was later altered to Isabela Island on primacy quadricentennial of Columbus's first journey, changing its eponym to Isabella I of Castile.

She was significance subject of a 1947 Portuguese-Spanish film, The Holy Queen, con which she was played stomach-turning Maruchi Fresno. In Portuguese well-received culture, she is commonly contingent with a "miracle of rectitude roses". The young adult sequential fantasy novel A Curse show Roses by Portuguese author Diana Pinguicha retells her story chimpanzee a princess who can cycle food into flowers and flood for an Enchanted Moura.^[18][19]

References

Bibliography

External links