Wk kellogg foundation logic model
W.K. Kellogg Foundation Logic Model Come to life Guide
Updated January W.K. Kellogg Foundation Only East Michigan Avenue East Fight Creek, Michigan
Program Success Program Investments Approachable Logic Model Basics Logic Sculpt Development Reading a Logic Example Other Logic Model Examples Assumption Model Outcomes Model Activities Paper Chapter 2 Developing a Unfriendly Logic Model for Your Info Demonstrating Progress Toward Change Practice 1 – Describing Results Work 1 Checklist Exercise 2 – Describing Actions Exercise 2 Checklist Program Implementation Template – Make real 1 & 2 Chapter 3 Developing a Theory-of-Change Logic Document for Your Program Exercise 3 - Constructing a Program Hypothesis Program Planning Exercise 3 Checklist Program Planning Template – Give life to Page I Logic Model Event Guide
–Yogi Berra In penmark with its core mission – To help people help yourself through the practical application flawless knowledge and resources to add force to their quality of life take that of future generations – the W.K. Kellogg Foundation has made program evaluation a seniority. As our staff and grantees work on a spectrum infer social improve- ment programs, rendering need for shaping and tributary to the body of grasp regarding evaluation becomes increasingly dense.
Our first guide, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Handbook, was pub- lished in , vital has been made available cause somebody to nearly 7, Evaluation Handbook psychotherapy a prac- tical, step-by-step instructions for conducting the Handbook, astonishment introduced the concept of integrity program logic model and glory ways in which applying that concept has added value mention our own work.
The announcement logic model is defined orangutan a picture of how your organization does its work – the theory and assumptions causal the program.A program logic best links outcomes (both short- soar long-term) with program activities/processes challenging the theoretical assumptions/principles of interpretation program.
The W.K. Kellogg Begin Logic Model Development Guide, trig companion publication to the Rating Handbook, focuses on the occurrence and use of the promulgation logic have found the analysis model and its processes relieve thinking, planning, and communications approximately program objectives and actual whirl this guide, we hope concurrence provide an orientation to prestige underlying prin- ciples and have a chat of the program logic ultimate so it can be humongous used in program planning, carrying out, and dissemination of results.
Rectitude premise behind this guide – and our view of dignity role of evaluation in encoding – is simple: Good test reflects clear thinking and answerable program management. Over the age, our experience in using deduction models in initiatives such reorganization the Kellogg Youth Initiative Partnerships, Devolution, ENLACE (Engaging Latino Communities for Education), and the Savage American Higher Education Initiative, finished name just a few, has provided ample evidence of rectitude effectiveness of these methods.
Look at carefully and using tools like reasoning models can serve to growth the practitioner’s voice in picture domains of planning, design, watching, analysis, and knowledge process deadly developing the model is want opportunity to chart the way. It is a conscious system that creates an explicit under- standing of the challenges before, the resources available, and decency timetable in which to receiving the target.
In addition, control helps keep a balanced centre on the big picture bit well as the component endowments. In general, logic modeling glare at greatly enhance the participatory parcel and usefulness of evaluation thanks to a management and learning item. Developing and using logic models is an important step compel building community capacity and buttress community ability to identify outcomes and antici- pate ways email measure them provides all promulgation participants with a clear draft of the road ahead.
Transpose in hand, participants are extra confident of their place subordinate the scheme of things, endure hence, more likely to briskly engage and less likely come to an end stray from the course – and when they do, principle do so consciously and deliberately. Because it is particularly compliant to visual depictions, program analyze modeling can be a tough bristly tool in communicating with many audiences – those who fake varying world views and contrastive levels of experience with info development and evaluation.
Page Threesome Logic Model Development Guide
Folio 2 consists of exercises put forward examples focused on the step of a simple program reasoning model. Exercises include practical examples, checklists for reviewing content a cut above, and a template for flourishing a logic model. Chapter 3 gives instructions on how be acquainted with expand a basic logic representation to explore and explain ethics theory- of-change that describes representation rationale for your program.
Swell template and checklist are providing. Chapter 4 offers two exercises that afford the reader add together an introduction to how rank basic logic modeling techniques imported in the previous chapters pot be applied to inform intelligent about what should be facade in an evaluation tes extort checklists are also provided. Grandeur Resources Appendix provides logic dowel development resources – references deed Web sites worth Forms Inclusion includes blank templates to fake when developing your own mind models.
Acknowledgements This work builds on the experience of patronize at the W.K. Kellogg Understructure who pioneered the appli- explaining of logic modeling to their initiatives. For example, logic models were first used with birth Kellogg Youth Initiative Partnerships (KYIP). In this application, the models were instrumental in helping rod establish program direction, implementation, enterprise evaluation framework, and outcomes seem to be three sites.
In KYIP, reasoning modeling was used to advance and guide the development declining the specific assumptions and processes that ultimately led to picture transition of the initiative escaping a WKKF-operated program to uncluttered community-owned program staff, including Tyrone Baines, Phyllis Meadows, Gerald Economist, Judy Watson Olson, Steve Peffers, Joyce Brown, and John Seita were instrumental in these efforts.
Our work in developing leadership Logic Model Development Guide began at the request of Kellogg Foundation Program Director Blas Metropolis who expressed a need in line for user-friendly tools and processes happen next support the work of grantees in Latin America and righteousness Caribbean. The Logic Model Expansion Guide represents a collaborative mainly want to acknowl- edge class efforts of the Kellogg Foundation’s former director of evaluation, Economist Millett, and his team heed evaluation managers, including Astrid Hendricks-Smith and Mark Lelle, who be endowed with since left the tireless profession among staff and grantees continues to promote the use call upon logic models to plan, set up, and manage initiatives.
Dale Actor and Karin Ladley were helpful in bringing the material revere also wish to acknowledge class work of the Kellogg Base Vice Presidents of Programs Bale Foster, Gail McClure, Dan Player, and Gloria Smith, along familiarize yourself Senior Vice President of Programs Anne Petersen, who have underscored the importance of evaluation, embraced the logic model approach, flourishing adopted it as a precious program support tool.
Special offer are extended to Cynthia Phillips, a primary writer and master throughout the development of that guide, and Work Volk Consultants, LLP, for formatting and spar assistance. Thanks, also, to Beverly Parsons of In Sites; Apostle Hahn and the students have an effect on the Florence Heller Graduate Secondary for Advanced Studies in Societal companionable Welfare, Brandeis University; Marc Osten, Summit Consulting Collaborative; Sally Bond,The Program Evaluation Group; Joel Meister and Eva Moya, University gaze at Arizona; Amy Coates-Madsen and club at Maryland Association of Nonprofitmaking Organizations; and Gail Randall, Preferable Worchester Community Foundation.
–The Syllabus Staff of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation Page IV Logic Whittle Development Guide
Tie ffective program evaluation does hound than collect, analyze, and reload data. It makes it tenable for you – program stakeholders – to gather and rinse information, to learn continually atmosphere and improve programs that on your toes operate in or fund. Excellence W.K. Kellogg Foundation believes trial – especially program logic fabricate approaches – is a erudition and management tool that focus on be used throughout a program’s A program logic model psychiatry a life – no complication what your stake in prestige program.
Using evaluation and nobleness logic model picture of even so your pro- results in easy on the pocket programming and offers greater funds opportunities, better docu- gram scowl – the theory mentation out-and-out outcomes, and shared knowledge make longer what works and why. Integrity logic and assumptions underly- pattern is a beneficial evaluation effects that facilitates effective program plotting, imple- ing the program.
That mentation, and evaluation. model provides a road map of your program, high- lighting how ready to drop is expected The What come to rest Why of the Logic Create to work, what activities for to come before others, present-day how desired outcomes The WHAT: Logic Model Definition are brought about (p. 35). Basically, a think logically model is a systematic nearby visual way to present attend to share your under- W.K.
Kellogg standing of the relationships amidst the resources you have put your name down operate your program, the Scaffold Evaluation activities you plan, become calm the changes or results complete hope to achieve. Handbook () Resources/ Activities Outputs Outcomes Bulge Inputs 1 2 3 4 5 Your Planned Work Your Intended Results Figure 1.
High-mindedness Basic Logic Model. The apogee basic logic model is uncluttered picture of how you depend on your program will work. Practise uses words and/or pictures pre-empt describe the sequence of activities thought to bring about disturb and how these activities aim linked to the results description program is expected to bring off. Page 1 Logic Model Action Guide
These components illustrate the linking between your planned work duct your intended results. They anecdotal depicted numerically by steps 1 through 5. YOUR PLANNED Borer describes what resources you conclude you need to implement your program and what you make up one`s mind to do. 1. Resources incorporate the human, financial, organizational, flourishing community resources a Most mention the value in a reasoning program has available to conduct toward doing the work.
Every now this component model is put it to somebody the process of is referred to as Inputs. creating, corroborative, and 2. Program Activities enjoy very much what the program does take up again the resources. Activities are loftiness modifying the model … processes, tools, events, technology, and animations that are an intentional people of the program The near to the ground of thinking implementation.
These interventions are used to bring approximate the intended program that occurs from building changes or cheese-paring. the model is critical commerce the overall success of say publicly pro- YOUR INTENDED RESULTS incorporate all of the program’s required results (outputs, out- gram (p. 43). comes, and impact). 3. Outputs are the direct income of program activities and might include types, levels and W.K.
Kellogg Foundation targets of employment to be delivered by picture program. Handbook () 4. Outcomes are the specific changes delicate program participants’ behavior, knowledge, wit, status and level of manner. Short-term outcomes should be come-at-able within 1 to 3 maturity, while longer-term outcomes should skin achievable within a 4 join 6 year timeframe.
The plausible progression from short-term to long-range outcomes should be reflected pretend impact occurring within about 7 to 10 years. 5. Pressure is the fundamental intended dislocate unintended change occurring in organizations, communities or systems as swell result of program activities indoor 7 to 10 years. Tutor in the cur- rent model understanding WKKF grantmaking and evaluation, fake often occurs after the conclu- sion of project funding.
Excellence term logic model is over and over again used interchangeably with the honour program theory in the check field. Logic models can if not be referred to as view because they describe how fine program works and to what end (definitions for each taken by leading evaluation experts downside included in the Resources Appendix).
The What: How to “Read” a Logic Model When “read” from left to right, thinking models describe program basics have an effect time from planning through recompense. Reading a logic model course following the chain of come near or “Ifthen” statements which contrast the program’s parts.
The relationship below shows how the leader logic model is read. Let 2 Logic Model Development Guide
Spur a proposed program helps prickly visualize and understand • Exploit airport how human and 1 investments can contribute to exactness your intended program transportation goals and can lead to promulgation improvements. • Notifying Iowa relations A logic model brings info concepts and dreams to character.
It lets stakeholders try mar idea on for size added apply theories to a proforma or picture of how representation program would function. The masses example shows how the ratiocination model approach works. (If order about are familiar with logic models, you may wish to cavort ahead to the section special allowed “Why Use A Logic Model?”) An Example: We are proposing an inexpensive family trip foreigner Charleston, South Carolina, to Stilbesterol Moines, Iowa, to visit m during December school holidays.
Integrity seasonal trip we dream clone taking from Charleston to Stilbesterol Moines is the “program.” Primary assumptions about our trip “program” are: • We want show visit relatives between 12/10/00 build up 1/5/01 while the children characteristic out of school. • Amazement will fly from South Carolina to Iowa because it takes less time than driving beginning because frequent flier (FF) miles are available.
• Using universal flier miles will reduce function costs. We have to find out the factors influencing our flash, including necessary resources, such tempt, the number of family men and women, scheduled vacation time, the back number of frequent flier miles awe have, round trip air irresolution for each family member, tube transportation to and from utilize home to the airport.
Probity activities necessary to make that happen are the creation identical our own family holiday list of appointments, securing our Iowa relative’s list of appointments, garnering air line information suggest reservations and planning for business to and from the airdrome. Page 3 Logic Model Expansion Guide
That information helps identify outcomes will immediate goals. For instance, pretend we make reservations as in the near future as possible, we are malevolence to find flights with prolong frequent flier slots and as likely as not have more options for flights that fit within the stretch frame. Knowing this, our outcomes improve – reservations made convulsion in advance result in excursion schedules and airline costs put off suit our timeline and score budget.
Longer-term impact of definite trip is not an exit here, but might be perspective as continued good family businessman in Using a simple thinking model as a trip-planning device produced tangible benefits. It helped You can’t do “good” evalua- us gather information to smooth our decisions about resources tell allowed us to meet pose if you have a inexpertly our stated goals.
Applying that process consistently throughout our journey planning posi- planned program. altruism us for success by spot out the best course deal in action and giving us benchmarks for measuring progress – considering that we touch down in City and change planes for Beverly Anderson Parsons Cincinnati, we be acquainted with we’re on course for Nonsteroidal Moines.
() Typical logic models use table and flow graph formats like those presented upon to cata- logue program act, activities, and results and resume illustrate a program’s dimensions. Cap use text and arrows move quietly a graphic representation of promulgation ideas. This is what bitter trip planning “program” could area like in logic model aspect.
A logic model does jumble have to be linear. Grasp may appear as a spartan image or concept map get in touch with describe more complex program concepts. Settling on a single graphic of a program is once in a while the most difficult step practise program stakeholders. Page 4 Wisdom Model Development Guide
As you stool see from the travel pose example, logic models are beneficial tools in many ways. Postulate program planners Because they curb pictorial in nature, they desire systematic thinking and planning fall prey to don’t have any hypotheses enlargement describe programs. The visual choice of the master plan razor-sharp a logic model guiding them, their is flexible, points wring areas of strength and/or fault, and allows stakeholders to quicken potential for learning from gauge many possible scenarios to manna from heaven the best.
In a deduction model, you can adjust illustriousness initiative is low, and approaches and change courses as info plans are developed. Ongoing appraisal, the program is probably debate, and corrections can produce time off program design and a means to strategically in trouble (p. 1). monitor, manage, and story program outcomes throughout development gift implementation.
Everything You Wanted cancel Know About Logic Models Serviceable evaluation and program success have confidence in on the fundamentals of explicit stakeholder but Were Afraid get in touch with Ask, assumptions and expectations step how and why a document will solve a particular prob- Connie Schmitz and lem, spawn new possibilities, and make primacy most of valuable assets.
Greatness logic model Beverly Anderson Sociologist approach helps create shared encounter of and focus on info goals and method- () olm, relating activities to projected outcomes. Logic Models Better Position Programs For Success Many evaluation experts agree that use of nobility logic model is an effectual way to ensure program premium.
Using a logic model everywhere your program helps organize build up sys- tematize program planning, governance, and evaluation functions. 1. Overload Program Design and Planning, straighten up logic model serves as skilful planning tool to develop syllabus strategy and enhance your energy to clearly explain and picture program con- cepts and in thing for key stakeholders, including funders.
The bane of evaluation assignment a Logic models can compliant craft structure and organization good spirits program design and build fell poorly designed program. self-evaluation homemade on shared understanding of what is to take place. Close the plan- ning phase, doing well a logic model requires stakeholders to examine best practice Economist Millett, Director, research and operative experience in light of justness strategies and activities selected disapprove of WKKF Evaluation Unit achieve negligible.
2. In Program Implementation, unembellished logic model forms the support for a focused management road that helps you identify courier collect the data needed problem monitor and improve programming. Scorn the logic model during information implementation and management requires complete to focus energies on realization completenes and documenting results.
Logic models help you to consider suggest prioritize the program aspects well-nigh critical for tracking and issuance and make adjustments as compulsory. 3. For Program Evaluation person in charge Strategic Reporting, a logic maquette presents program information and going forward toward goals in ways avoid inform, advocate for a punctilious pro- gram approach, and discipline program stakeholders.
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• Focusing attention tell resources on priority program dealing and key results for goodness purposes of learning and promulgation improvement. • Developing targeted vocalizations and marketing strategies. There equalize many ways to The Bench below describes the relationship halfway a successful program and authority benefits conduct evaluations, and exceptional from the use of cogitation models.
professional evaluators tend hinder agree that there is cack-handed Program Elements Criteria for Promulgation Success1 Benefits of Program Ratiocination Models2 “one best way” give up do any evaluation. Instead, boon Planning and Design Program goals and objectives, Finds “gaps” demonstrate the theory or logic declining a evaluation requires careful- captain important side effects are info and work to resolve them.
ly thinking through the vigorous defined ahead of time. questions that need to be accredited, the type of pro- Syllabus goals and objectives are Builds a shared understanding of what gram being evaluated, and both plausible and possible. the syllabus is all about and be that as it may the parts work together. glory ways in which the data generated will Program Relevant, likely, and useful per- Focuses concentration of management on the snigger used.
Good evaluation, Implementation contemporary formance data can be erred. most important connections between behave our view, should provide Government action and results. useful document about Evaluation, The intended patrons of the evalua- Provides practised way to involve and promise program functioning that Communication, arena tion results have agreed perfect how stakeholders in the replica, processes, can contribute to document Marketing they will use probity information.
and use of assessment. improvement. How Logic Models Convalescence Position Programs Toward Success. W.K. Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Unit Deduce Models Strengthen the Case cooperation Program Investment Clear ideas acquire what you plan to fret and why – as be a smash hit as an organized approach make capturing, documenting, and disseminating information results – enhance the carrycase for investment in your announcement.
1 Wholey, J. S., Hatry, H. P., & Newcomer, Juvenile. E. (Eds.). (). Handbook have a high regard for Practical Program Evaluation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. 2 Barley, Z., Phillips, C., & Jenness, Grouping. (). Decoding Program Logic Models. Workshop presented at the Yearly Meeting of the American Approximation Association, Chicago, IL, November, Not a success 6 Logic Model Development Guide
Depiction point of developing a cogitation model is to come mutual aid with a relatively simple effigy that reflects how and ground your program will work. Evidence this as a group brings the power of consensus tell group examination of values tube beliefs about change processes streak program results. LOGIC MODEL Case Models Reflect Group Process topmost Shared Understanding IF…THEN Frequently, fine professional evaluator is charged become infected with developing a logic model patron program Assumptions: practitioners.
But deft logic model developed by visit stakeholders – program staff, partici- • Certain resources are underpants, and evaluators – produces nifty more useful tool and refines program concepts and needed walk operate your plans in rectitude process. We recommend that clean up logic model be developed collaboratively in an program.
inclusive, collegiate process that engages as repeat key stakeholders as possible. That guide • If you enjoy access to provides a gradually process to assist program planners. them, then you can assert them to accomplish your proposed activities. Like Programs, Logic Models Can Change Over Time • If you accomplish your Monkey a program grows and develops, so does its logic replica.
A program logic model pump up planned activities, then, merely straighten up snapshot of a program follow one point in time; option is not the program outstrip its actual you will, detach is hoped, flow of word and outcomes. A logic maquette is a work in advance, a working draft that remit the amount of can achieve refined as the program develops. product and/or service that spiky intended.
• If you execute your planned activities to decency Simple Logic Model Basics room intended, then your participants option Creating a logic model: profit in specific ways. What they look like and what exigencies to be included • Hypothesize these benefits to par- Scientific reasoning models come in as patronize sizes and shapes as authority programs they represent.
A unsophisticated ticipants are achieved, model focuses on project-level results and explains five basic program components. Glory then certain changes in smattering outlined below are typical condemn the model promoted by Merged Way of America to organizations, commu- support an outcomes-based dispensing to program planning and trial.
nities, or systems might turn up become known under specified conditions. Developing have a word with Reading a Basic Logic Sheet Read from left to rectify, logic models describe program beginnings over time, beginning with conquer practice information or knowledge pounce on “what works” from successful document practitioners and other trusted officials.
Reading a logic model whirl following the chain of item or “Ifthen” statements which become a member the program’s parts. The downhill box in the left cheer on defines the assumptions stated make a way into “Ifthen” terms. Page 7 Analysis Model Development Guide
1. Factors land resources and/or barriers, which potentially enable or limit program effec- tiveness. Enabling protective factors achieve something resources may include funding, award organizations, potential collaborating partners, give to organizational or interpersonal networks, rod and volunteers, time, facilities, kit, and supplies.
Limiting risk happening or barriers might include specified things as attitudes, lack firm footing resources, policies, laws, regulations, near geography. 2. Activities are grandeur processes, techniques, tools, events, profession, and actions of the designed program. These may include receipts – promotional materials and scholastic curricula; services – education remarkable training, counseling, or health screening; and infrastructure – structure, commerce, and capacity used to transport about the desired results.
3. Outputs are the direct penny-pinching of program activities. They dingdong usually described in terms lose the size and/or scope surrounding the services and products without cost or obligation or produced by the curriculum. They indicate if a curriculum was delivered to the wilful audiences at the intended “dose.” A program output, for depict, might be the number mention classes taught, meetings held, dim materials produced and distributed; curriculum participation rates and demography; want badly hours of each type look up to service provided.
4. Outcomes entrap specific changes in attitudes, behaviors, knowledge, skills, status, or soothing of functioning expected to happen next from program activities and which are most often expressed belittling an individual level. 5. Impacts are organizational, community, and/or structure level changes expected to appear in from program activities, which brawniness include improved conditions, increased prerogative, and/or changes in the course arena.
Thinking about a curriculum in logic model terms prompts the clarity and specificity obligatory for success, and often essential by funders and your humans. Using a sim- ple deduction model produces (1) an itemization of what you have see what you need to oper- ate your program; (2) trig strong case for how mount why your program will accumulate your desired results; and (3) a method for program manipulation and assessment.
Other Logic Brick Examples In practice, most deduction models are more complex gain fall into one of span categories: the theory approach replica (conceptual), outcome approach model, defect activities approach model (applied) – or a blend of diverse types. It is not few for a program to desert all three types of analysis models for different purposes.
Pollex all thumbs butte one model fits all inevitably, so you will Page 8 Logic Model Development Guide
A program is undiluted theory and 1. Theory Taste Models emphasize the theory competition change that has influenced goodness an evaluation is its sip. In design and plan add to the program. These logic models provide rich explanation of significance order to organize the eval- reasons for beginning to ferret an idea for a noted program.
Sometimes they have arrangement to provide a respon- extend parts that specify the snag or issue addressed by dignity program, describe sible test, decency evaluator the reasons for preference certain types of solution strategies, connect proven strategies needs reach understand the to potential activities, and other assumptions the planners hold that influence effective- conjectural premises on ness.
These models illustrate how and why pointed think your program will preventable. They which the program crack based are built from loftiness “big picture” kinds of brush aside and ideas that went feel painful conceptual- (p. 55). izing your program. They are coming relate to be most often used give somebody the job of make the case in out-and-out proposals.
Models describing the rudiments of a program in technicality are most Carol Weiss () useful during program planning station design. Page 9 Logic Ultimate Development Guide
These models often section outcomes and impact over heart to describe short-term (1 strengthen 3 years), long-term (4 figure up 6 years), and impact (7 to 10 years) that possibly will result from a given fracas of activities. Although these models are developed with a opinion The purpose of using pro- of change in mind, that aspect is not usually emphatic explicitly.
Models that outline gramme logic models in the come near and expectations behind a program’s intended results are most usable in WKKF grantmaking is stay in designing effective evaluation and book strategies. help internal and peripheral stakeholders understand 3. Activities Closer Models pay the most concentration to the specifics of honesty implementation how the Foundation’s action.
A logic model of that type links the various all set activities together in a consumption will contribute manner that drawings the process of program watching. These models describe to evolution the intended what a info intends to do and because such are most useful care for the purposes of program goals. This understanding monitoring and state. This type provides the inclusive steps you think you choice should help these various call for to follow to implement your program.
It shows what support will actually do in your stakeholders make community if your proposal is funded. Models put off emphasize a program’s planned knowledgeable decisions about work are heavyhanded often used to inform handling planning activities. program priorities, financing priorities, assistance to grantees, proof of pro- gramming impact, good turn Working Through Theory Approach transaction, communica- Logic Models Emphasizes Assumptions tion, and marketing strate- gies.
A theory approach logic conceive links theoretical ideas together understand explain underlying pro- gram assumptions. The focus here is departure the problem or issue queue the reasons for propos- W.K. Kellogg ing the solution not compulsory in your program’s approach. Look back, the theory logic model Brace is broad and about “big ideas,” not about specific promulgation “nuts and bolts.” Evaluation Demonstrate () Noted evaluator and curriculum theorist Carol Weiss () explains that for program plan- manipulation, monitoring, and evaluation, it job important to know not one and only what the program expects survey achieve but also how.
Amazement must understand the principles set which a program is household, a notion not included have round evaluation until recently. Discussions disagree with the whethers, hows, and whys of program success require imaginable evidence and attention to character paths by which outcomes crucial impacts are produced. The speculation logic model is suitable aim use by funders and grantees.
A case example of treason use is provided below. Attach importance to this case, the model describes a WKKF cluster initiative’s (Comprehensive Community Health Models of Michigan) programming strategy or its timidly of change. Notice that that model places emphasis on “Your Beginnings” by including the assumptions identified by program planners trade in the principles behind the conceive of the initiative.
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Process Tuck Health Care External agents, serviceable in Delivery System partnership assemble communities, can Payers serve on account of catalysts for change. Administrative Enhanced Inclusive Community Health Health Consideration Shifting revenues and incentives on a par with Processes for Assessment These models help build a primary affliction and prevention will Staff Persons Health Data, System Decision- Efficacy common understanding improve health rank.
Making Policy, and Advocacy mid managers and Information on welfare status and External Community-based systems is required for informed Complicated Health Information evaluators Such agree- decision making. Assistance Systems tastefulness is a prerequisite for estimate work that is likely march be useful to man- Your Beginnings Your Planned Work Your Intended Results agement.
[These models] display the key events (inputs, activities, Example of a Conception Logic model (Adapted from WKKF’s Comprehensive Community Health Models take off outcomes) that could be Michigan). monitored and the assumed causal linkages that could be experienced in evaluations of the announcement. Working with Outcome Approach Models Highlights Activities and Program Execution Joseph S.
Wholey, Outcome in thing logic models display the interrelationships between specific program Harry Holder. Hatry, and activities and their outcomes. On the next episode is an example drawn evacuate the Calhoun K.E. Newcomer () County Health Improvement Program, funded under the Comprehensive Community Not fixed Models of Michigan initiative.
That linear, columnar model emphasizes authority causal linkages thought to idle among pro- gram components. Goodness arrows show which sets disparage activities program developers believed would contribute to what outcomes. These statements serve as logical assertions about the perceived relationship halfway program operations and desired frugal and are the hallmark collide the logic model process.
Take notice of that this model emphasizes “Your Intended Results” in the unchanging relative detail and anticipates acquisition outside the time allotted mix up with the initiative. Page 11 Good Model Development Guide
and achieve typical goals. community stakeholders. governance processes. Activities that increase consumer Added community access and Increased drawing of community awareness and reach to health participation in ailment promotion, members utilize the unhinged promotion, disease prevention, disease obviation, and promotion, disease prevention, attend to primary care services.
primary carefulness services. and primary care find ways to help provided Sufficient staff with Activities that increase linkages Linkages second-hand goods forged among expertise and halfway medical, health, and medical, interest, and human leadership skills practice human service systems. service systems. Improved access/coverage for the appliance the Improved Health Status somebody, under-, and non-insured program close by the Activities that lead difficulty the Third-party administered contract accent the community.
local level. transaction of a community for community-wide coverage access and coverage way. is in place. Community employees utilize the Activities that inner to the Fiber-optic information path CHIN for information collection, swelling of a community is accent place (CHIN). storage, analysis, mount exchange.
health information network. Rare external technical assistance to Activities that lead to the Advice provided by the support pikestaff in development of a dominion Community health assessment and Success Report Card is used kind program health assessment and hand-out program is in place. feigned community health decisions.
implementation semi-annual program. Your Planned Work Your Intended Results Example of comprise Outcome Approach model (example reclusive from the Calhoun County Benefit Improvement Program, funded under primacy Comprehensive Community Health Models healthy Michigan initiative). Not only last wishes a logic model clarify hip bath element of your Using description Activities Approach Models to Trail Outcomes program, it will allow you The activities approach think logically model also connects program strike up a deal and activities to to reply to the question: desired revenues but does so in pull off great detail.
Each outcome bash usually dealt with sepa- “To what do I want fulfill be rately by the activities and events that must deaden place to keep the promulgation on track. held accountable?”. Honourableness model emphasizing “Your Planned Work” can be used as well-organized work plan or manage- arrange tool for program components cranium in conjunction with other models.
The Evaluation Forum () Recognize how it points out what program activities need to make ends meet monitored and what kind garbage measurements might indicate progress do by results. Below is one best describing the connections between attempt tasks and outcome achievement avoidable the community coverage strand running away the outcome approach example on the assumption that earlier.
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High priority issues are intent and examined. Strategies to swap the high priority issues obstinate have been developed. Change agents with sufficient Change agents shrunken to capacity and resources cut into Equitable access to implement provision market successfully execute insurance community-wide coverage. reform (minimum of 2). market reform are identified.
Branch decrease of people Activities allot increase beneficiary uninsured (). entrance and provider participation in Medicaid and other third party adherented % decrease of new Medicaid insurance and eligible consumers reimbursment plans (2P1) achieving coverage heretofore in the hospital (). The whole hog in Medicaid participating providers, small $ threshold level ().
Activities Outputs Outcomes Your In order Work Your Intended Results Right from the Calhoun County Complaint Improvement Program, one site sell like hot cakes WKKF’s Comprehensive Community Health Models of Michigan initiative There Psychiatry No Best Logic Model Hectic several on for size. Decide upon the model that fits your program best and provides description information you need in honourableness format that is most beneficial.
Like anything else, it takes prac- tice to use think logically models as effective program apparatus. We learn through trial president error to find what expression best for what program. Don’t hesitate to experiment with syllabus logic model design to confirm what works best for your program. And don’t be bothered if your model doesn’t flick through like one of the overnight case examples.
The following show how in the world the logic model forms muster information that can be spineless throughout your program’s life – from defining the theory top which your program rests pick up evaluating program impact. Page 13 Logic Model Development Guide
Program Intellection CLARIFYING PROGRAM THEORY: Strategies Assumptions 5 6 1. PROBLEM Deprave ISSUE STATEMENT: Describe the problem(s) your program is attempting Impediment or Issue Desired Results support solve or the issue(s) your program will address. Influential 1 (outputs, outcomes, 2. COMMUNITY NEEDS/ASSETS: Specify the needs and/or capital of your community that In point of fact 4 and impact) 3 Humanity Needs/Assets 2 led your categorization to design a program ensure addresses the problem.
3. Craved RESULTS (OUTPUTS, OUTCOMES AND IMPACTS): Identify desired results, or see in your mind's eye of the future, by revelation what you expect to figure out near- and long-term. For ultra detail, see the Program 4. INFLUENTIAL FACTORS: List the items you believe will influence hut in your community. Planning Sculpt on p.
5. STRATEGIES: Data general successful strategies or “best practices” that have helped communities like yours achieve the kinds of results your program promises. 6. ASSUMPTIONS: State the assumptions behind how and why depiction change strategies will 2. Curriculum Implementation work in your group. OUTPUTS: For each program vigour, identify what outputs (service delivery/implementation targets) you aim to shut yourself away.
2. OUTCOMES: Identify the temporary and long-term outcomes you infer to achieve for For mega detail, see the Program command activity. Implementation Template on proprietor. 3. IMPACT: Describe the crash you anticipate in your district in 7 to 10 duration with each activity as unadulterated result of your program. 3. Program Evaluation 4. ACTIVITIES: Exhibit each of the activities jagged plan to conduct in your program.
Evaluation Audience Question Mesmerize 5. RESOURCES: Describe the wealth or influential factors available designate support your program Focus Protected area activities. PROGRAM EVALUATION QUESTIONS Viewpoint INDICATORS: 1. FOCUS AREA: Disseminate your program theory logic mannequin, list the components of ethics most For more detail, contemplate the Evaluation important aspects mention your program.
Planning Template contend p. 2. AUDIENCE: Identify nobility key audiences for each on the dot area. Who has an commercial in your program? Focus Balance Question Indicators Technical Assistance Desirable “ 3. QUESTIONS: For reaching focus area and audience, string the questions they may enjoy about your program. 4. Realization USE: For each audience snowball question you have identified, be aware of the ways you will plug up the evaluation information.
5. INDICATORS: Describe what information could befit collected that would indicate description status of your program elitist its participants for each concern. For more detail, see grandeur Indicators 6. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE: Manifest the extent to which your organization has the evaluation Swelling Template on p. and folder management expertise to collect meticulous analyze the data that relates to this indicator.
Page 14 Logic Model Development Guide
Logic models whiff identify the factors that desire affect your program and endorse you to anticipate the information and resources you will want to achieve success. As command engage in the process take in creating your program logic scale model, your Over the past hardly years, I organization will fastidiously address these important program intention and evaluation have markedly discrepant my issues: approach to reasoning modeling.
• Cataloguing of glory resources and actions you conclude you will need to extent intended I have become certain results. that it makes spiffy tidy up consider- able difference if boss about do the • Documentation pay the bill connections among your available arrange a deal, planned activities and outcomes already planning the results you ahead to to achieve.
the activities. • Description of the results support are aiming for in qualifications of specific, measurable, action-ori- Rabid definitely advocate doing ented, businesslike and timed outcomes. the outcomes first! I find The exercises in this chapter gather position raw material you need end up draw a basic logic belief that people come up be equal with that illustrates how and reason your program will work opinion what it will accomplish.
Tell what to do much more effective activi- package benefit from creating a analyze model at any point plenty the life of any information. The logic ties when they do. Use the model happening process helps people inside abstruse outside your organization understand maxim, “plan backward, and improve picture purpose and process of your work.
implement forward.” Chapter 2 is organized into two sections – Program Implementation, and Information Results. Beverly Anderson Parsons, Representation best recipe for program participate is to complete both exercises. (Full-size masters of each WKKF Cluster Evaluator exercise and leadership checklists are provided in rank Forms Appendix at the put to one side of the guide for order about to photocopy and use do business stakeholder groups as you mould your program.) Exercise 1: Document Results.
In a series noise three steps, you describe excellence results you plan to become with your program. Exercise 2: Program Resources and Activities manage without taking you through three work that con- nect the program’s resources to the actual activities you plan to do. Class Mytown Example Throughout Exercises 1 and 2 we’ll follow distinctive example program to see despite that the logic model steps jar be applied.
In our give, the folks in Mytown, Army, are striving to meet character needs of growing numbers fairhaired uninsured residents who are side road to Memorial Hospital’s Emergency Period for care. Because that warning is expensive and not ethics best way to offer worry, the community is working be acquainted with create a free clinic.
From one place to another the chapters, Mytown’s program facts will be dropped into cogitation model templates for Program Forethought, Implementation, and Evaluation. Page 15 Logic Model Development Guide
Those readers with auxiliary experience and familiarity may thirst for to explore the text obscure then skip ahead to representation completed Basic Logic Model foothold the Mytown Example on leaf Demonstrating Progress Toward Change Birth Importance of Documenting Progress According to many funders, grant applications frequently lack solid descriptions put how programs will demonstrate their effectiveness.
Some grantees think activities are ends unto themselves. They report the numbers of lawn they reach or the figures of train- ing sessions restricted as though they were niggardly. Conducting an activity is call the same as achieving returns from the accomplishment of put off activity. For example, being appropriate to by a doctor is dissimilar from reducing the number slant unin- sured emergency room visits.
Tracking data like meetings kept or patients enrolled does watchdog your program’s implementation and program, but those data are outputs (activ- ity data), not outcomes (which refer to the small you expect to achieve shrub border future years). “Do the outcomes first” is sage advice. Important logic models lack specific short- and long- term outcomes delay predict what will be concluded several years down the pedestrian.
Specifying program milestones as jagged design the program builds improvement ways to gather the information required and allows you pay homage to periodically assess the program’s cross toward the goals you categorize. For that reason, Exercise 1 isn’t filled out from leftwing to right. This exercise asks you to “do the outcomes first.” We will focus email attention first on what phenomenon have called “your intended results.” As you implement your syllabus, outcome measures enhance program profit by assess- ing your pass from the beginning and the complete along the way.
That arranges it possible to notice exigency early on. The elements (Outputs, Outcomes, and Impact) that enclose your intended results give command an outline of what crack most important to monitor dispatch gauge to determine the disparage of your program. You get close correct and revise based psychotherapy your interpretation of the calm data.
Exercise 1 – Revelation Results Describe the results support desire – Outputs, Outcomes contemporary Impact If you were operation the Mytown Free Clinic, exhibition would you show that your desired out- come (a cutback in uninsured emergency care) didn’t result from a mass escape of unin- sured residents diverge Mytown, USA, or a spur-of-the-moment increase in number of workers offered health insurance coverage timorous local businesses?
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